The three rites are Zhou rites, etiquette, and book of rites.
Among them, the Rites of Zhou were written by the Duke of Zhou, and the Book of Rites was recorded as questions and answers between Confucius and his disciples, and was abridged by uncles and nephews of Dai Dai and Xiao Dai in the Han Dynasty.
However, Song Confucians had many disputes about Zhou rites.
Among the three rites, Zhang Yue paid most attention to Zhou Rites, not the well-known Book of Rites.
Why is Zhou Li valued so much by Zhang Yue?
Then we have to talk about the two people who contributed the most to Zhou Li, Wang Mang and Wang Anshi.
Wang Mang's restructuring was carried out in accordance with Zhou's rites, but the end result was of course a failure.
So Zhou Li took the blame.
The second time was Wang Anshi's reform. After Wang Anshi was dismissed as prime minister for the first time, he summed up his experience and lessons and returned to the prime minister and wrote a book "The New Meaning of the Three Classics".
Wang Anshi personally wrote "New Meanings of Zhou Guan", which re-annotated Zhou Rites, while his sons Wang Yu and Lu Huiqing wrote "Yi of Mao Shi" and "Yi of Shangshu". These three books are collectively called "New Meanings of Three Classics".
Later, this book became the theoretical basis for the New Party's reform, a must-read book for scholars all over the world, and a must-read for imperial examinations.
The Zhou Rites, which Wang Anshi personally annotated, was suddenly elevated to the top of the three rites and three classics.
Next, we will talk about the "Book of Rites", also known as the Book of Rites. During most of the Han Dynasty, it ranked first among the three rituals. The Book of Rites is just a commentary on the Book of Rites.
In the eyes of the Han Dynasty's ancient scripture school, it is enough to follow the etiquette mentioned in "Rituals", and there is no need to seriously explore the meaning behind the etiquette.
Nowadays, the Book of Confucian Classics advocates the Book of Rites and explores the meaning of the sages’ rituals in the Book of Ritual. The Book of Rites of Xiaodai also has many famous chapters, such as "The Great Learning", "The Doctrine of the Mean", "The Great Harmony of Rites and Luck" and so on.
If "Li" is compared to the root of etiquette, then "Book of Rites" is the branches and leaves of etiquette.
However, both ancient classics and modern classics have a skeptical attitude towards "The Rites of Zhou", and even believe that this book is a forgery written by later generations in the name of Duke Zhou. It was only in the hands of Wang Mang and Wang Anshi that it was highly praised.
Now the question for Zhang Yue is, should he learn Zhou Rites and Mencius well so that he can firmly embrace Wang Anshi's lap in the future?
Jianzhou.
State studies.
Zhou Xuexue Li Zheng looked at the piece of paper in his hand and couldn't help but ask: "Three-character poem? Who wrote this?"
"However, there are still some areas that can be discussed. For example, 'It is the fault of the father if he is not educated' can be changed to the fault of the parents. 'What will happen to the old if the child does not learn' can be changed to What will he do if he grows up?"
"The most important thing is the saying 'cultivate oneself and achieve peace'. Cultivating oneself, bringing family together, governing the country and bringing peace to the world is a university saying. How did it become peace?"
"But these are just flaws in the jade."
Zhuang Xuexue listened to Zhou Xuezheng's comments and was filled with admiration from the bottom of his heart.
The other party is indeed more knowledgeable than me, and I can't fault these mistakes.
Zhou Xuezheng glanced at Zhuang Xuexue and said, "You said this was written by a thirteen-year-old boy in Pucheng?"
Zhuang Xuexue said: "That's exactly it."
Zhou Xuexuezheng smiled and said, "I'll tell you that it was you who did it."
Zhuang Xuexue said: "As students are old, even writing such an article is useless."
"Then a thirteen-year-old child can write this? I don't think so," Xuezheng said. "Then he asked you to write this three-character poem to me for fame?"
Zhuang Xuexiu said: "That's not true. It was my own intention to dedicate this book to Xuezhengyikan. I had planned to recommend him to dedicate this book to the Prodigy Competition, but he refused because he was young and did not believe in what he had learned."
When Xuezheng heard this, he showed a serious look: "Then we can't just wait and see."
"If there is such a talent, why haven't I heard of his name?"
Zhuang Xuexue said: "Yes, this second brother is Zhang Xu."
Xuezheng said seriously: "Is it him? By the way, Mr. Chen was looking for a reading companion for his nephew a while ago. I heard that he had gone to Pucheng in person to look for the second son of the Zhang family but could not find it, so he retreated and chose the third son of his family as the book boy... …”
Zhuang Xuexue was shocked when he heard this. He didn't expect that Zhang Yue would have such an opportunity.
At the same time, cold sweat broke out from Zhuang Xuexue's back. It was not that he didn't have the idea of stealing this three-character poem to his name at first, but after meeting Zhang Yue, he felt that this son was not easy to get along with, so he stopped.
Later, Zhang Yue said that he didn't want to become famous immediately through this three-character poem, so the idea couldn't help but arise in his mind again, and he struggled for several days to get rid of it.
But he thought that he was already old. Zhang Yue could wait, so how could he wait?
He doesn't have to steal this name, but he hopes that after Zhang Yue becomes famous, he can repay his descendants in the future.
At that moment, he took the initiative to find Zhou Xuexuezheng and handed him this three-character poem, and that's what happened today.
But he really didn't expect that this son had such a profound background that he didn't even want to be a student of the Chen family. If you really have this ability, you must never steal your name.
Zhuang Xuexiu pretended to be calm and said: "What happened? I heard that this Sanlang first became a disciple of the village school, and then he became a disciple of Mr. Boyi."
Xuezheng stroked his beard and said with a smile, "Oh? Instead of being a book boy in Mr. Chen's family, he went to study in a village school. This young man is either extremely stupid or extremely smart. Take a look at this three-character poem..."
Having said this, Xuezheng said to Zhuang Xuexue: "There is no need for you and me to speculate. Come with me to Kaoting immediately to meet Mr. Chen."
When Zhuang Xuexue heard that he could meet such a high-ranking official, he was immediately excited and said: "I, I, I..."
"Aren't you going?"
"It's what I asked for."
After that, the two of them went to Kaoting Chen Mansion in Jianzhou to meet Chen Shengzhi.
Chen Shengzhi was teaching his nephew to read in the hall. When he saw the two of them, he said, "Just tell me, Guier will be there and listen."
"Yes." The nephew sat aside.
Li Xuezheng said: "I heard that the court recommended Mr. Chen to go to the Zhijianyuan. I would like to congratulate Mr. Chen here in advance."
Chen Shengzhi smiled and said: "The admonishers discuss the gains and losses of the government. They say everything they know. It is a crime. How dare I not say it? But now that the throne is not determined, how can I dare to say it? It is difficult for the gains and losses of public opinion to exist in one mind. , it’s difficult!”
Zhuang is a scholar on the side, and as an admonisher, he doesn't necessarily have to speak out.
"Mr. Chen has always been public-spirited when discussing affairs. When he wrote a memorial to impeach the palace commander for being rude, that letter was so precise that every word was written in fine detail. All the officials and scholars applauded him."
Chen Shengzhi waved his hand and said, "It's all happened when I was young."
Having said that, Chen Shengzhi's eyes showed a bit of sharpness. Now that he is old and strong, even if he looks angry, outsiders can't see the slightest anger.
Xuezheng continued: "In my opinion, as long as it is recognized by the hearts of scholars, there is no harm in saying it. Even if it is not understood by the holy will for a while, it can still be upheld by public opinion..."
Chen Shengzhi smiled when he heard this. Xuezhengzhi's words still have some spirit of an official of this age.
The two talked about some things in the court, but Zhuang Xuexue didn't understand what they heard, so he had to stand aside.
At this time, Xue Zhengfang said: "The student is here to present a poem to Mr. Chen for review."
Chen Shengzhi nodded and immediately took the paper and looked at it. When he saw it for the first time, he smiled and said, "It's a three-character poem."
After a while, he said again: "This seems to be used for enlightenment? Interesting..."
As Chen Shengzhi spoke, he muttered words in his mouth and clicked the joints with his fingers across his wrist.
Finally, Chen Shengzhi put it aside and asked: "Which famous Confucian wrote it?"
As soon as these words came out, Xuezheng and Zhuang Xuexue were stunned. They didn't know how to answer them.
"Oh, it's not written by a famous Confucian?" Chen Shengzhi picked up the piece of paper again and asked, "Could it be a local person?"
"Chen Gongguo really knows things like a god, and it was written by a local person."
Chen Shengzhi said: "When did this county have such a talented person? This person was originally good in nature. This is what Master Meng said. When it comes to the famous scholar who governs Meng in this county, it is none other than Zhang Biaomin. Could it be that he wrote it? ?”
"Could Zhang Biaomin be Zhang Wangzhi? The Zhang Biaomin who offended Cai Gong because of his brother Zhang Gongzhi?" Xuezheng asked.
Chen Shengzhi smiled and said: "It is this man. Since the world knows his injustice in his brother's case, Cai Junmo was a little hasty. Although he is not good at being an official, he is good at learning. He is not the same as his brother Bo Yisu and Li Taibo." And ah.”
Xuezheng smiled and said: "Exactly, I remember Taibo criticized Meng, but Biaomin respected Meng, but Boyi supported Biaomin on this matter, and in the end he and Boyi also turned against each other."
Chen Shengzhi said: "Although Zhang Biaomin's writing is good, he is good at debate and discussion, but writing in this way is not his strength. This poem is derived from classics and history, but it is concise and meaningful, which is commendable."
Xuezheng said in admiration: "Chen Gonghui's eyes are as bright as a torch, and I am really impressed. However, I have some superficial opinions on this article. For example, if I don't teach, it is my father's fault. Xiu Qizhi Pingli seems to be able to correct it."
When Xuezheng pointed out some shortcomings of the Three-Character Classic, he did not mean it out of malice. It was like a subordinate writing a report to the leader. No matter how good the report is, the leader will change a few words in the end.
Chen Shengzhi smiled slightly and said: "Li Xuezheng's words do have some truth, but whether this poem is good or not, you and I can't say for the time being. We still need to let the Fang family comment and discuss it."
Xuezheng's face turned pale. He knew that Chen Sheng's words, "You and I can't comment for the time being," meant that you shouldn't comment for the time being.
Chen Shengzhi turned to read the three-character poem again, and couldn't help but flick the paper and said: "The words are simple and clear, the important thing is to be catchy, and it is even more rare that it is an exhortation to learn. How to cultivate morality with a correct heart, and how to prevent blasphemy Gu Chaos? There is no such thing as a thousand-character poem, and there is no such thing as a hundred family names, but this three-character poem has it."
The last sentence made Li Xuezheng and Zhuang Xuexue turn pale. This was going too far. Does a thirteen-year-old child deserve such praise?
However, this evaluation is not exaggerated at all. Why the Thousand-Character Classic can only be called a text, while the Three-Character Classic can be called a classic? Later generations will have a public opinion.
Being able to call it a classic is a treatment that neither The Analects of Confucius nor Mencius has received at the moment.
This is not to blame Xuezheng and Zhuang Xuexue. From their location, they could not see the subtle first-class educational significance behind such a book.
For the country, the most important thing is how to educate the people to cultivate moral integrity? How to prevent fraud and fraud? They are all taught in the Nine Classics, but they are all too difficult and profound. And subtly integrated Mencius' theory of the goodness of nature into it.
After Chen Sheng's words were spoken, his nephew picked up the three-character poem and read it again, somewhat unconvinced: "Uncle, although this poem is good, it doesn't seem worthy of such praise."
"oh?"
Although it was just one word, several people heard Wanwan's final critical tone from this word.
The nephew said loudly: "My nephew has also read several books written by talented people in this state, but there are not a few that are better than this article in terms of artistic conception, rhetoric and meaning. I even asked my nephew to write it himself..."
"Then are you comparing this article with other articles? How much talent do you have in mind, so you dare to say such things?" What Chen Shengzhi said made his nephew's expression change.
"When you see other people's articles, no matter whether they are good or bad, you should choose the good ones and follow them, and change the bad ones. If you don't have a high and low mind first, how can you improve your knowledge? If this person is in this state, I will let him Become his disciple!"
The nephew could only say: "My nephew has learned a lesson."
Chen Shengzhi said: "There is no signature? Who is it from this hometown? I know all the young talents in this hometown."
Li Xuezheng did not expect that things would develop like this. At this moment, he could only say: "It turns out that Mr. Chen has a relationship with this person. He is Zhang Yue, Zhang Erlang's younger brother!"
"Zhang Yue... this name sounds so familiar." Chen Shengzhi looked at it carefully and said, "Could it be that Zhang Sanlang?"
Ps: It has been strongly recommended, and there will be two updates tomorrow, in order to ask for a wave of recommendation votes from everyone!
