Both photolithography machines and etching machines are the most critical links in the chip production process.
In fact, if you enlarge the chip and look at it, it is a larger integrated circuit.
The two most critical parts of integrated circuit production are printing and engraving.
So how are integrated circuits produced?
Use a copper-clad board (mostly PCB copper-clad board) to print the circuit diagram on the copper-clad board with a printer, then use an engraving machine to engrave according to the printed circuit diagram, and finally solder the relevant electronic components.
The same goes for chips.
The function of a photolithography machine is similar to that of a printing press.
It’s just that the size of the chip is too small and requires special printing.
The specific method is to cover the metal with a layer of photoresist (usually silicon crystal) and then use light to erode away the photoresist according to a certain circuit diagram.
Light can corrode photoresist, but cannot corrode metal, so a layer of "circuit diagram" is covered on the wafer (silicon crystal).
So how can we get the circuit diagram onto the photoresist?
The shape of the circuit is first drawn on a relatively large reticle, and then the circuit pattern is reduced to a very small size through a lens, and then illuminated on a metal plate coated with photoresist (the so-called wafer). ).
The machine used in this process is a photolithography machine.
The complexity of the instrument is far beyond what people think. The most advanced lithography machine manufacturer in the world is ASML (advaor material lithography) in the Netherlands. It can be said that this is the only relatively mature lithography machine in the world. company.
Because ASML occupies more than 80% of the global market share.
The remaining market share basically belongs to Toyo. Toyo's Nikon and Canon are not just camera companies, but have quite impressive IC technology, including photolithography machine technology.
Of course, low-end lithography machine manufacturers include some South Korean brands.
Therefore, larger chip production companies must look for ASML.
Moreover, the price of the other party's lithography machines is not cheap, basically tens of millions of dollars to more than 100 million dollars, and there is no bargaining.
Of course, ASML's technology was not developed by a Dutch technology team or developed in the Netherlands, but was completed through technical cooperation in the United States, the Netherlands, Germany and other countries, and product accessories are also distributed in these countries.
Therefore, the shareholders behind ASML include Capital International, BlackRock Group, Intel, Sanxing, Tire Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., Ltd., etc., and most of the capital comes from the United States.
Therefore, in this case, advanced photolithography machines will not be sold to Xia Guo Technology Enterprises.
Xiaxin International was able to purchase lithography machines through some of the team's connections, but most of them were second- and third-tier products that had been eliminated.
After the wafer is covered with a circuit pattern by a photolithography machine, it enters the etching machine stage.
The etching machine uses chemicals to etch the areas not covered by the photoresist, so that the crystal surface can become the shape we want. This is how the chip is produced step by step.
This process corresponds to the etching machine, and the technical difficulty is much less than that of the photolithography machine.
After the establishment of Xiawei Semiconductor, the company quickly became a top global company because of the outstanding technology of Yin Shen's team.
Chen Xiao feels that he can handle Xiaxin International and Xiawei Semiconductor.
Producing mobile phone chips is not a big problem, but the size and power consumption of the chips may be larger than those of Nokia and Motorola, which are popular on the market.
In fact, 2004 was the most outstanding year for Xiaxin International.
This year, Xiaxin International has been able to mass-produce 110-nanometer chips, while Tire Electromechanical's 90-nanometer chips at this time were actually only one year apart in technology.
However, it was precisely because of Xia Xin International's rapid development that TiMC and the American capital behind it became nervous and immediately launched an attack on Xia Xin International.
The best weapon is of course intellectual property infringement.
The founder and CEO of Xiaxin International is Zhang Jing, a patriotic person who once worked for Tire Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., Ltd., and the senior team also came from Tire Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., Ltd.
This is hard to explain.
Everyone knows what happened next. Xia Xin International lost the lawsuit and paid 200 million U.S. dollars in cash and 10% equity to Tire Electromechanical. Zhang Jing left Xia Xin International.
Later, the top management of Xiaxin International was in turmoil and had no interest in scientific research.
When things stabilized, the United States also realized the importance of high-end technology products such as chips, and blocked high-end equipment for chip production and research and development.
Xiaxin International's chip production technology and international level are also growing.
It is also for this reason that Chen Xiao is not willing to cooperate with TiMC.
The purpose of TiMC doing business with mainlanders is to make money, not to help you develop.
Xiaxin International is a living example.
After helping you develop, how do you make money on your own?
If I can make money and kill you at the same time, of course I'll be happy to do it.
But the best moment in the history of Xiaxin International in 2004 was also the best moment for Xiawei Semiconductor. There was no problem in getting chips from them.
If Changtian Technology can produce mobile phone chips, even if these chips are a bit messy, but they are usable and can meet the needs of consumers, then Chen Xiao will be able to gain influence.
Moreover, Chen Xiao believes that relying on his current level of integrated circuit lv12 should be able to help these two companies.
Chen Xiao said to Wang Yu: "We will produce it."
"You immediately prepare the relevant production data of Pangu chips, and we will go to the Shanghai stock market in a week."
Wang Yu didn't know what the boss' purpose was. He also knew that Changtian Technology didn't have any equipment to produce chips.
But as a subordinate and the leader of the chip laboratory, Wang Yu chose to act according to the boss's orders.
After talking to Wang Yu about the matter, Chen Xiao had a good breakfast.
Changtian Technology Headquarters hired a dedicated chef last year, not to mention the food tastes quite good.
After the meal, Chen Xiao returned to the office and worked with Song Yi to prepare for the key work that needed to be done for this trip to Shanghai.
Wang Xiang and Li Liang, Vice President of Huawei, attended the test ceremony of Mozi Communications Company's 3G network in Jiangzhou.
When mobile, telecommunications and other companies have not yet reached an agreement on the distribution of benefits from domestic 3G application rules.
The country also feels that it cannot wait any longer.
Therefore, the same Changtian Technology is testing the use of 3G network in Jiangzhou.
No company from China Mobile and China Unicom participated in this test, which was independently operated by Mozi Communications, a subsidiary of Changtian Technology.
All 3G base stations are built by Huawei. Because they are tests, Changtian Technology does not target all Jiangzhou users, but mainly targets the student user groups in Jiangzhou University Town.
The student user group accepts new things quickly and is willing to cooperate with Changtian Technology Company in collecting data, so it is a good test sample.
Mozi Communication directly opened the communication company next door to China Mobile and China Unicom, and announced that 3G users who accepted the test will receive a free mobile phone card, and will receive a monthly package of 50m traffic, 300 minutes of calls and 100 text messages.
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