The chief examiner of the academy examination is an academic officer, usually a person with a Jinshi background among the supervisory censors and ministers of various ministries. The term of office is three years, and they are usually dispatched to various provinces by the emperor's orders. The college examination is divided into two sessions. The first is the main examination and the most important one. It tests two articles and one poem. The second is the re-examination. It tests one article and one poem. After the examination, a "long case" is given to rank first. The person is the head of the case.
Those who have passed the college examination are considered to be scholars, and are officially called "shengyuan". All admitted students are sent to schools in prefectures and counties. Those who have the title of scholar can show that they do not kneel as officials, and are exempted from corvee service. They are initially separated from the common people. Line up.
As the search progressed in an orderly manner, Li Jie soon came to him. After searching Li Jie as usual, he was let go.
After walking into the examination room, you can see a person wearing a vermilion official robe standing in the main hall. He should be the academic advisor sent by the imperial court. The academic advisor is equivalent to the current top official of the Provincial Department of Education.
Li Jie followed the number plate and found his exam room. The location was good and the environment in the exam room was one of the best in the exam room. This is how star players are treated. People will look up to them wherever they go.
After briefly sorting it out, Li Jie took out a pen, ink, and inkstone from the examination blueprint and put them on the case. The difference between the college examination and the prefecture examination and the county examination is that the name system has been implemented. The marking officer is the same as the current college entrance examination. Candidates' names cannot be seen, which is one of the means to prevent fraud. The provincial examination and the joint examination will be more strict. Not only the names will be anonymized, but also transcribed, that is, a copy of the answer sheet written by the scholar will be copied and written by the examiner himself. The test papers are real papers and are transcribed and archived. The examiners can only see the transcribed test papers.
After all the candidates entered the venue, a drum sounded and the exam officially began.
The government officials walked around the corridor in the examination room holding the examination questions so that all candidates could see all the questions.
The first test in the college examination consisted of a question on the Four Books, a question on the Five Classics and a poem, which were not much different from the previous examinations.
Li Jie first copied the title on the manuscript paper. The first title and the title of the four books were: "Poetry" Three Hundred. In one sentence, he said: Si Wu Xie.
The title is taken from the inscription of "Poetry; Three Hundred" in "The Analects". Confucius used "Thinking Wuxie" to explain the content characteristics of the poem. The general idea is that there are three hundred poems in the "Book of Songs". To summarize it in one sentence, it is The thoughts are pure and have no evil thoughts.
Zhu Xi also said when talking about the Book of Songs in the "Collected Commentary on the Four Books": "The good words of poetry can inspire people's kindness, and the evil words can punish people's ambitions, and their use is to help people regain their emotions." It’s just right.”
The translation of Zhu Xi's meaning is that the good parts of the three hundred chapters of the Book of Songs can lead people to do good, while the bad parts (such as Zheng and Wei's style) can punish the evil in people's hearts. Therefore, the function of the Book of Songs is to "make people good." His emotions and nature are right” and he will not take evil paths.
After thinking for a moment, Li Jie came up with something and wrote to solve the problem.
“The sage’s use of the Poetry as a teaching is nothing more than to make his mind right.”
That is to say, Confucius advocated the use of the Book of Songs for education, mainly because the role of the Book of Songs can make people feel correct. To solve the eight-part essay in the Ming Dynasty, one must not only understand the meaning of the original text of the classics, but also not deviate from Zhu Xi's annotations and abide by the annotations.
Then it was written in one breath in just a few hundred words, and then it was written in the text based on Zhu Xi's annotations.
"The goodness of "Poetry" is not just the goodness of "Poetry", but the purpose of persuading them to return to innocence."
"The evil in "Poetry" is not just the evil of "Poetry", it is to punish it and return to innocence."
Zhu Xi’s annotation is written in another way in the article, that is, the content in the Book of Songs is not just about good and evil, but the good parts lead people to do good, and the bad parts punish the evil and lead people to do good. , and finally reach the state of thinking without evil.
After I finished writing the whole article, I felt as intoxicated as drinking ice water in the dog days of summer.
After taking a short rest, he planned to start writing the second question. The second question was about the Five Classics. The classic that Li Jie chose was "Shang Shu". In the Ming Dynasty Five Classics Examination, candidates could choose one of the Five Classics as the classic, which is equivalent to the current elective course. In the exam, you only need to write the questions from the classics of your choice for the Five Classics questions.
"The three virtues are promulgated day by day, and the Ming Dynasty has a family; the six virtues are strict and respectful day by day, and the state is bright and bright. I receive alms and give alms, and the nine virtues are salty in doing things. I am a good man in the official position. There are hundreds of teachers and teachers, and hundreds of workers are in time. On the fifth day of the lunar month, the concubine achieved his condensation."
It comes from "Shangshu Gao Tao Mo". The whole article records a conversation between Gao Tao and Dayu, which mainly discussed governing the country by virtue. Gao Tao proposed "Nine Virtues" as the basic code of human morality.
The meaning of the title is that those who abide by the three virtues every day can be ministers, and those who abide by the six virtues every day can be entrusted with state affairs and serve as princes; if the nine virtues can be concentrated and implemented comprehensively, those who have these virtues can If all the people serve as officials, then the officials in office are all people with outstanding virtues. If the doctors learn from each other and the officials do their duties and act strictly according to the changes of the four seasons, then great things can be accomplished.
The title of "Shangshu" is mainly based on Cai Chen's annotation. Cai Chen's annotation in the collection is: "Dun means governance. Brightness also means brightness. Having a family means a doctor. Having a state means princes. Dredging means bright and bright. The political affairs of the family and state are governed by the meaning of good governance.”
To put it simply, the conversation between Dayu and Gaotao was all about how to govern the country and bring peace to the people.
Many principles in many ancient classics are still applicable today. They are precious treasures left by our ancestors. The ancients were not so rigid. Even if it is said that Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism imprisoned people's thoughts, this is not necessarily the case. Since the late Jiajing period, the writing style of eight-legged essays has gradually changed. Instead of adhering to the annotations as before, many people will also add some of their own ideas to it.
Li Jie quietly closed his eyes and rested his mind while recalling the scriptures. After a while, he picked up his pen and wrote down.
"A wise man strives to advance his virtues and is effective in governing the country, and a ruler is committed to using wise men to effectively govern the world."
That is to say, Gao Tao stated to Yu that he wanted to rule the world with virtue. As long as the monarch appoints more virtuous sages to govern the country, then all things will be successful.
Then Chengti wrote why he did this. "There are differences in the size of families, states, and the world, and the virtues of sages are also different. If a ruler wants to govern, he can't use the way of virtuous people extensively!"
Because countries may be big or small, people may have varying degrees of virtue. If a monarch wants to make great achievements, how can he not use more virtuous people?
The following article elaborates on the topic based on the annotations. After thinking about breaking the topic and taking up the topic, the whole article was written in one go. After Li Jie finished writing, he felt a little hungry, so he took out the prepared food from the test basket, including mille-feuille cake, Meatloaf and some snacks. Since Li Jie started practicing martial arts, his appetite has far exceeded that of his peers, so he prepared more food.
After eating three times, five and two, I took a look at the title of the poem and found that it was not difficult to write a five-character and eight-rhyme poem. I thought about it for a while and then wrote it.
After finishing writing, Li Jie briefly checked the article on the manuscript paper to see if there were any errors, omissions, taboos, and polished the subtleties that could be modified. Then he transcribed the article onto the answer sheet. After the transcription was completed, for Li Jie Lai's first exam is over.
