Li Jie has experienced the inspection of the county examination, and he is already familiar with it this time. However, the inspection of the government examination this time is much stricter than that of the county examination. Not only do the candidates have to take off their clothes and shoes, but also the items they carry in the exam are required. There is no way to escape the careful inspection of the government officials.
The food brought by the candidates was opened by the yamen servants for careful inspection. Some yamen servants' hands were not very clean. After breaking open the snow-white steamed buns with two hands, a black fingerprint was left on the snow-white steamed buns. The candidates were on the verge of tears after seeing it, and they dared not speak out in anger. The yamen officials enjoyed the fun of the examination very much. After all, the ordinary scholars looked down upon them and it was only at this time that the candidates could still tease them.
One of the candidates was found to be entrained. The candidates who were found looked ashen and were taken away in shackles by the yamen guards. Halfway through, they came back to their senses and cried loudly. They only regretted that they had done it because of their hot minds. In such a matter, if he is found to be involved in the government examination, his imperial examination career will be over for the cheating examinee. After the local government has completed the registration, the candidate will never be hired in subsequent government examinations.
Later, when the candidates saw someone in front of them who had been found to have been entrained, and seeing how strict the inspection was, many candidates who were lucky enough secretly left the cheat sheets they had made on the ground, and suddenly they could see lumps of paper in twos and threes on the ground. , some candidates who were not paying attention were discovered by others. When they saw the candidates around them looking at them, their faces turned red with shame and they were ashamed.
After the previous team finished checking, it was Li Jie's turn. When Li Jie arrived, the yamen officer saw the case number recorded on the sign, checked him casually, and let him into the examination room.
Sure enough, top students have always received preferential treatment regardless of ancient or modern times.
Looking at his number plate, it was no surprise that the examination room was arranged in the examination area with the best conditions. After walking to his examination room, Li Jie placed pen, ink, paper and inkstone on the case in sequence. After seeing that he was fully prepared, Start to close your eyes and relax. After everyone entered the venue, the prefect began to give pre-exam training, which was all similar to the previous county exams.
Boom!
With the sound of a drum, the examination officially began. Compared with the county examination, the test questions for the government examination were copied in advance. After the drum sounded, the test papers began to be distributed.
After the test papers were distributed, Li Jie took a general glance. There were two questions on the four books in the government examination, one question on the meaning of classics and two questions on poetry. The number of questions increased compared with the county examination. For the first time reference For some students, it will be a bit uncomfortable, after all, the amount of questions is quite large.
I glanced at the first question of the Four Books, "Unfortunately, Su Yan".
At this time, many candidates in the examination room suddenly took a breath of cold air.
"Hey! The first question is the interception and matching question!"
Hearing the buzzing discussion among the candidates, the government officials immediately shouted loudly.
"Quiet! No noise!"
Hearing the scolding of the yamen servant, the speechless examinee couldn't help but think that he was in the examination room at this moment, and his expression suddenly tightened and he quickly stopped talking to himself.
Li Jie looked at the title and recalled what he had learned in the past, and then remembered the origin of this title. The original text came from "The Execution of Gongsun Chou" in "Mencius".
The original text is:
Mencius was about to go to the king, and the king sent someone to say: "As you can see, I have a cold disease, so I can't take the wind. Go to the court, I will look at the court, don't you know, how can I see it?" He said to him: "Unfortunately, there are Disease cannot lead to dynasty."
Tomorrow, the hanging will be carried out at Dongguo's house. Gongsun Chou said: "In the past, I was sick, and today I am hanging up. Is it inappropriate?" He said: "In the past, I was sick, and today I am better. Why not hang up?" The king sent people to ask about the illness, and the doctor came.
Meng Zhongzi said to him: "In the past, we had the king's orders and the worry of collecting firewood, so we could not establish a dynasty. Now that I have recovered from my illness, I am ready to establish a dynasty. I don't know whether I can do it." He sent several people to the road and said: " Please, you will never return, and you will be built in the court!" As a last resort, Jingchou's family stayed in Yan.
Among them, this question is exactly the word "unfortunate and you" in the original text, "unfortunate and sick", and the word "suyan" in "the last resort is Jing Chou's Su Yan". Many candidates looked at the question at a loss and could not remember it at all. Where did it come from? Even the candidates who remembered the source were frowning at this moment, thinking hard about how to solve the question.
The meaning of the original text is roughly that Mencius was going to court to see the King of Qi, but the King of Qi sent someone to say that I should have come to see you, but I was sick, and asked Mencius to see him the next day when he went to court. Mencius replied, "Unfortunately." Very, I am also sick and cannot go to court.
The next day, Mencius wanted to go to Dongguo's house to mourn. Gongsun Chou said, "Yesterday you excused yourself because you were sick and declined King Qi's invitation. But today, it's not good to go out to mourn." Mencius replied, "I was sick yesterday and I'm better today. Why shouldn't I go to mourn?" of.
The King of Qi sent a doctor to visit Mencius. Meng Zhongzi told the visitor that Mencius was ill yesterday and could not go to court. Today he is feeling better and has gone to court. Then he immediately sent someone to stop Mencius and told him not to go home under any circumstances but to go to court as soon as possible. Mencius had no choice but to stay at Jing Chou's house.
Based on what is recorded below, Mencius finally avoided the summons of King Qi. In the whole article, Mencius' thoughts are expressed through the incident of King Qi summoning Mencius. Mencius' meaning is very clear after reading the whole article.
The king is required to respect the virtuous and enable the capable, respect virtue and be happy with the Tao, be courteous to the virtuous and corporal, and take the initiative to put aside his noble airs to use the talented, rather than calling the talented here and there at will.
Mencius finally said in the original text: Today the princes and states are all similar, and what is the reason why no one can surpass anyone else? That is, monarchs like to appoint ministers who obey their orders, but do not like to appoint ministers who teach them.
After Li Jie thought about this section, he wrote to solve the problem.
"The great sage asked for illness to resign his king, but because of his humiliation, he looked down upon his ministers."
In the eight-legged essay, breaking the question requires explaining or summarizing the meaning of the question, but it must be expressed in a different way and cannot be repeated with the title of the question. Breaking the question is the most important part of the whole article.
Li Jie used these two sentences as a break for the title, and tied the beginning and end of the title together. In just two sentences, he summarized the content of Mencius' original text in the title, one sentence with the upper meaning and the other with the lower meaning.
Then I started to write the following content based on Zhu Xi's annotations. The general idea is that a monarch should treat his subordinates with courtesy, rather than just coming and going when they are called. A monarch should be wise, so that the country can be strong.
After writing the first question, Li Jie looked around and found that most of the candidates were still thinking hard. A candidate diagonally opposite was sweating profusely. It seemed that the first question of this exam was going to defeat a large number of candidates. After Li Jie finished writing, he did not want to look at the next question.
The second question is, Zikui is not allowed to be with others.
A quite satisfactory four-book question, the original text also comes from "Gongsun Chou" in "Mencius", but the former question comes from the second chapter, and this one comes from the fifth chapter. It seems that the examiner who set the questions this time was a bit lazy. Both questions are from Mencius's "Gongsun Chou". It's not like he just happened to open this book and then randomly selected a big question to cover it.
Li Jie stopped making random associations and began to think about how to solve the problem. The original text of this passage is: Zi Kuai cannot be with Yan, and Zi is not allowed to accept Yan and Zi Kuai.
Zikuai was the monarch of the Yan State, and Zizhi was the prime minister of the Yan State at that time. Zikuai wanted to cede the Yan State to Zi Zhi. Qi State Minister Shen Tong went to ask Mencius if the Yan State could be conquered.
Mencius replied: "Yes, Zi Kuai cannot give Yan to others, and Zi Kuai cannot accept Yan and Zi Kuai."
At that time, the abdication caused great chaos in the country. Mencius believed that the Yan State could be conquered because the monarchs and ministers of the State of Yan violated the traditional etiquette by granting the state privately.
Zhu Xi's annotation of this passage in "Collected Commentary on Mencius" reads: "If the princes, land and people receive it from the emperor and pass it on to their ancestors, and privately give it to others, then both the giver and the recipient are guilty."
What Zhu Xi said is that the land and people of the princes were enfeoffed by the emperor and inherited from the previous monarchs. If he decided to cede it to others, both the one who ceded it and the one who accepted it would be guilty.
Li Jie wrote and broke the title: "Today, my husband is the guardian of heaven, he is the king; he who is the guardian of the king, he is the minister." '
The previous sentence gives the definition of monarch, and the next sentence gives the definition of ministers. The distinction between monarch and ministers in the orthodox Confucian thought is first explained. The monarch and ministers each bear their own responsibilities and perform their duties.
Afterwards, the article flowed out like a spring, and the title was written: "The name is the most important, but it is arrogant." Therefore, the swallow is not the swallow of Zikui, the swallow of the emperor, and the swallow of Duke Zhao. '
The origin of the Yan State is explained by taking the fact that the State of Yan was the State of the Emperor of Zhou and the State of Yan King Zhao (the first generation King of Yan). The State of Yan was not the State of Yan by Zikui alone, so he was not allowed to give or receive privately.
Then it was explained step by step that it was wrong for Prince Kuai of Yan to abdicate to Zi Zhi, because it was not in line with etiquette and law. Zi Kuai was neither Yao nor Shun, nor was Zi Zhi Shun or Yu. How could he abdicate the throne at will? He simply regarded etiquette and law as nothing.
"The virtuous people of Yao and Shun were the ones who greatly benefited the people. How could they be so different from Yao and Shun that they could just steal their names?"
"When Shun and Yu accepted Zen, heaven and man followed them. How could Shun and Yu take over their thrones safely?"
