On June 1st, in the Great Dynasty, Taiwei Liu Yu played "Eight Matters". Yang Xin, the minister of Huangmen, read Liu Yu's memorial loudly. As soon as he read the first article, an uproar broke out in the court.
"The Kingdom of Yan has been at peace, the rebels have been destroyed, and the opportunity for peace has emerged. I will tell you eight things to do for your convenience: First, try to implement Tudu. Please try Tudu in Yangzhou..." Tudu was the imperial court's way to solve the problem of resettlement of overseas Chinese. To solve the problem in the past, a method of reorganizing household registration and readjusting counties and counties was implemented. The main purpose was to include all residents in the household registration according to the county and county where they lived, regardless of whether they were overseas Chinese or old residents. The preferential treatment for overseas Chinese was cancelled, the hidden leaked households were cleared, and those who had fled were included in the household registration system. Farmers and powerful and secretive private households were all targets of taxation.
The theory of Tu Duan was proposed by Sikong Weiguan of the Western Jin Dynasty. Its original purpose was to promote good people and promote talents according to the rural selection method of the Han Dynasty, and to correct the shortcomings of the nine-rank Zhongzheng system.
After the establishment of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, many Qiaozhou, Qiaojun, and Qiaoxian were established to resettle the refugees. These people were called Qiaoren, and their household registrations were different from those of the local people.
The Bai registration is not considered a formal household registration, and the advantage is that they do not have to bear the burden of national transfer. However, these overseas Chinese have to be recruited to participate in the Northern Expedition.
As time went by, these overseas Chinese divided into two poles. High-ranking aristocrats like Wang Xie dominated the government and occupied the countryside and mountains, while most of the propertyless people had to become tribesmen, tenants, or open up wasteland and become homesteaders.
Conflict broke out between the northern gentry and the southern gentry who went south because of power. The differences between the northern and southern people also caused conflicts among overseas Chinese due to the different tax policies of the imperial court. In order to avoid the imperial tax, many southern people simply attached themselves to the family.
As a result, wealthy nobles occupied a large number of land and concealed their household registrations, which seriously affected the court's income.
Therefore, the Eastern Jin Dynasty conducted the Xiankang Earth Break and the Gengxu Earth Break in the 10th year of Xiankang and the 2nd year of Xingning respectively, and the results were obvious.
In particular, the Gengxu Tujuan campaign presided over by Huan Wen greatly improved the economic and military strength of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, raised capital for the Northern Expedition, and even laid the foundation for the subsequent Battle of Feishui.
After Huan Wen's death, the Gengxu Tujuan was abolished, and the wealthy gentry once again expropriated a large amount of land. However, Sima Yuanxian was mobilized to the south of the Yangtze River because of the lack of troops in Jiankang.
The edict that "no slaves are allowed to be guests" came to Beijing to perform military service, which triggered the Sun En Rebellion and accelerated the destruction of the Jin Dynasty.
At present, the imperial treasury is empty. Except for Yongyan and other places, the number of registered naturalized people in Jiangnan states is only three million, and a large number of people have become tribes and tenants of the clan.
When Xu Daofu attacked Zhuque Bridge, the clans in Wuyi Lane alone could organize a tribe of more than a thousand people. You can imagine how many tenants there were in the farms and villas of these clans.
When Liu Yu killed the Diao family in Jingkou, there were more than 3,000 tenants under his family, and they had more than a thousand hectares of land. They opened their warehouses and let the people take the corn according to their ability, and there was no end to it every day.
Compared with Wang Xie, Yu, Chi Chu and other high-ranking nobles, the Diao family was still a small witch. Liu Yu ambitiously wanted to enrich the country and strengthen the army through the destruction of soil.
Then Liu Muzhi, Liu Jingxuan, Xu Xianzhi and others all advised him to be cautious. The end of the earth will inevitably arouse the opposition of the nobles and nobles. The relationship between Liu Yu and the nobles has just improved. If the end of the earth is carried out at this time, the relationship will inevitably break down.
After repeated discussions, Liu Yu decided to use Yangzhou as a pilot to carry out earth-cutting. Because Yangzhou experienced the rebellions of Sun En and Lu Xun, the people suffered heavy casualties, and the control of the gentry over the land of Sanwu was greatly reduced. Liu Yu concurrently served as the governor of Yangzhou. If you use the state you are in charge of as a test, others will have nothing to say.
Even so, Shangshu Zuopushe Xi Hui and Zhongshu Ling Xie Hun both spoke out against it, and the courtiers agreed one after another.
King Langya waved his hands with a headache and said: "Everyone, please listen to the Taiwei's memorial and discuss it later.
"Second, eliminate redundant officials. Counties and counties are withered and the people are depleted. We should streamline personnel and eliminate redundant officials." Liu Yu clearly stated in the memorial that the three states of Yang, Xu, and Jing should not have more than 2,000 generals, and officials should not More than 10,000 people; in other states, the number of generals cannot exceed 1,000, and the number of officials cannot exceed 5,000, but soldiers are not subject to this limit.
Danyang Yinxi and Monk Shi thought that this restriction on the number of officials and generals in various states was probably aimed at Liu Yi, the governor of Henan and Jiangjiang.
The five prefectures of Siqing in Yongyan and Liang were controlled by Yang Anxuan, and the imperial court could hardly get involved, and official salaries were not provided by the imperial court. Hundreds of thousands of stone grains and grains were turned over to the treasury every year, making it difficult for the imperial court to make appointments for generals and officials.
In the past, Guangzhou was occupied by Lu Xun, who ignored the imperial decree and naturally would not obey the imperial court's dispatch of officials. Now Liu Taiwei sent Chu Yuzhi as the governor, and Guangzhou returned to control. However, after Lu Xun's rebellion, Guangzhou did not have enough officials and no officials. Influence.
Jiaozhou is located in a remote area, and many court officials are reluctant to take up their posts, so the court has very limited jurisdiction over it. After the death of Du Yuan, the former governor of Jiaozhou, the officials of Jiaozhou elected his son Du Huidu to take charge of the affairs of Jiaozhou because Jiaozhou was thousands of miles away from Jiankang and his duties as governor should not be interrupted.
After Du Huidu killed Lu Xun, the imperial court granted him the title of envoy Chijie, supervising the military affairs of Jiaozhou, general Guangwu, governor of Jiaozhou, and granted him the title of Juelong as county marquis.
Du Huidu paid tribute to the imperial court with elephants, gold, silver, ancient shells and other objects as a sign of submission. Xi Sengshi knew that Liu Yi had requested the imperial court to streamline Jiangzhou's military administration and place Jiangzhou under his rule in order to deal with Yu Yue some time ago. The imperial court issued an edict to comply.
Liu Taiwei's proposal was probably an excuse to use the opportunity to reduce the number of generals and officials in Yuzhang. Duke Nanping was trying to shoot himself in the foot.
"Third, rectify the administration of officials. Punish officials who are arrogant, greedy, and indifferent to political affairs." Many people in the court felt secretly worried. The nine-grade Zhongzheng system has benefited the nobles and nobles. Their nephews can easily become officials, but many people cannot. Government affairs only involve eating, drinking and having fun. It seems that Liu Taiwei wants to clean up this group of people.
"Fourth, abolish the harsh laws. Please ask the emperor to punish the emperor regardless of the severity, and all will be punished."
"Fifth, the selection of talents requires examination. The initial system of the nine-level Zhongzheng system selects talents and promotes filial piety and integrity. Only those who pass the examination must be selected, and those with low talents and learning are selected." When the nine-level Zhongzheng system is established, it must go through The Ce test was used, but later the Ce test could not be closed. The scholars and filial piety recommended by various places were occupied by the children of the aristocratic family, and their names were not worthy of their reality.
"Sixth, establish a school. Merge Guozixue and Taixue, and all nephews and nephews of officials with sixth grade or above can enroll. All states need to set up official schools to recruit people who are interested in learning."
"Seventh, light corvee. Except for the taxes stipulated by the imperial court, local officials are strictly prohibited from levying excessive taxes and corvee. Taxation and corvee are based on household registration. All states, counties, and counties occupy farmland and gardens in the name of the government. , shall be abolished; the original miscellaneous taxes and corvees shall be appropriately reduced, and the poor shall be relieved.”
"Eighth, develop commerce. All supplies purchased by the government will be bought and sold in the market, and money will be paid according to the price. No requisitions are allowed. People's cars and cattle are not allowed to be requisitioned. We will reduce complicated customs and taxes, and encourage trade in various places." After reading the eight articles, there was silence in the court. , King Langya stretched his forehead and remained silent.
Most of these eight memorials touch on the interests of the noble families, especially the first, second, third and fifth articles are all directly detrimental to the interests of the noble families.
Shangshu Zuopu shot Xi Hui and said: "The eight matters mentioned by Taiwei Liu are of great significance and should not be decided hastily. They should be discussed in detail before discussing." There was a sound of agreement in the court, and Liu Yu did not think of throwing out the memorial. You can get everyone's consent.
When the emperor retired from the court, everyone went to the east hall and began to discuss the "Eight Matters" written by Liu Yu one by one.
On June 8th, Liu Yu's "Eight Matters" appeared on Yang Anxuan's desk. Xi Hui's calligraphy was vigorous and vigorous, Yin Youqi's elegant and agile, and Zeng An's handwriting was neat and regular, with a hint of disrespect. The words were like seeing people. , several faces appeared in front of Yang Anxuan.
These three people were Yang Anxuan's greatest help in the court. However, with the death of Meng Chang, Liu Yi was defeated and demoted, Liu Yu was promoted to Taiwei, and the court officials followed the wind and gradually moved closer to Liu Yu.
Although Xi Hui was the minister Zuopushe, he actually had little say in the matter, let alone Yin Youqi, the minister of the ancestral temple. Even Sima Dewen, king of Langya, could not object to Liu Yu's decision. Xi Hui and others helped Yang Anxuan. Getting weaker and weaker.
On the contrary, Zeng An had close relationships with a group of low-level officials and could easily obtain some unnoticed information.
After reading the eight pieces played by Liu Yu, Yang Anxuan secretly admired him. Liu Yu was worthy of being praised by future generations as the king who brought order to the chaos and prosperity. His talents and strategies were comparable to those of Emperor Qin and Han Dynasty.
Judging from the eight articles, Liu Yu saw the Jin Dynasty's hidden problems and wanted to carry out drastic reforms. Regardless of its ultimate purpose, the smooth implementation of these eight articles should improve the social status quo, allow the economy to develop, and the people to live. , restore the vitality of the Jin Dynasty.
It's just that these eight items touch on the interests of the powerful family, and whether Liu Yu can fulfill his wish is still in doubt. Xi Hui revealed that King Langya intended to ask the governors of various towns about the restructuring. He was entrusted by many nobles to ask Yang Anxuan to advise the court to postpone the implementation of Articles 2 and 3.
From the bottom of his heart, Yang Anxuan agreed with Liu Yu's eight-point restructuring. He asked himself that he did not have Liu Yu's determination to do so without hesitation. Of course, this was related to the fact that Liu Yu led the army to conquer Nanyan and destroy Lu Xun's power. The ministers including King Langya did not dare to Speak out against it.
After giving the copied "Eight Matters" to Wang Zhen'e, Xin He and others for viewing, Yang Anxuan explained the second and third items that Xi Hui asked him to remonstrate with, and asked: "You guys think you are stupid?" Shouldn't we give advice?" Li Cao said to Jin with concern: "Although Liu Taiwei's eight things are very important, they are too hasty. I foolishly thought that the governor should give advice to the court and proceed step by step." Wang Zhen said with an evil smile: " The imperial decree has not yet arrived, so there is no need to rush, we will wait and see." Yang Anxuan understood what Wang Zhene meant and was waiting for the secret guard to find out the direction of the wind in the capital.
Yang Anxuan said happily: "You are actually intending to take advantage of Liu Taiwei's restructuring to implement Tuduan in Yongzhou." Xiang Jin's face turned pale and he said anxiously: "Yang Prefect, Tuduan has a great influence. I hope you will think twice before doing so." Book Zhongyuan said: "Among these eight things, rectification of officials, abolition of harsh laws, establishment of schools, reduction of corvee service, and promotion of commerce have been implemented, and the results have been remarkable. The gentry supports the people and benefits. As for the recruitment of talents, it is up to the court to decide, as for the local affairs I think that the two matters of judgment and dismissal of officials are not feasible for the time being, so as to avoid unrest in people's hearts and cause trouble." Guo Hui, the officer in charge, cupped his hands and said: "Of the eight matters of Taiwei Liu, the four are to judge the situation, dismiss officials, reorganize officials, and test talents. It's a loss to the family. The Yang family of Hongnong is a high-ranking family, and we share weal and woe with our family. If the master agrees with Liu Taiwei's restructuring, it will definitely attract the attention of the world's wealthy families. I hope the master will advise to postpone these four reforms." Yang Anxuan sighed in his heart and asked Jin, Zhong Yuan and others came from well-established families, and naturally they did not want to see the noble family suffer from their own standpoint.
The family firmly controls Yongzhou, and even mentioning Tuduan was opposed by his officials. One can imagine how much resistance Liu Yu had in the court.
There was a lot of discussion in the hall, and most people disagreed with the three matters of territorial judgement, layoffs, and talent trials. Yang Anxuan knew that there would be no conclusion for a while, so he said: "This matter is not urgent. You will go back and think it over carefully first, and wait for the court to inquire." It's not too late to make any plans until the decree is issued." When everyone dispersed, Wang Zhen'e stayed and said to Yang Anxuan: "Xiang Jin and others are concerned about the family and are not willing to agree to the end of the land, but my lord should look at the world. Let's take this opportunity to implement the end of the land. Otherwise, if Liu Taiwei is allowed to take the lead and regain the people's support, it will be difficult for the lord to go south again." Yang Anxuan pondered for a long time and said: "In places like Yongyan, Siliang, etc., most of the official positions are occupied by the children of the noble gentry. If you force the country to cut off officials, it will definitely trigger a backlash. You intend to launch a northern expedition to Chang'an next year. It is better to be quiet at this time. If you can successfully capture Chang'an, it will not be too late to carry out the country's war with the power of victory." Wang Zhene listened to Yang Anxuan Speaking of the Northern Expedition, he immediately asked for orders: "My lord once promised to let Yu lead the army in the Northern Expedition, but he can't break his promise." Yang Anxuan smiled and said: "Yu has written to Long Fu, Kuai En, Ling Shi, Hu Fan, Anyuan and others. Let them come to Xiangyang at the end of September to discuss the attack on Qin." Wang Zhene said excitedly: "It has been twenty-five years since Yu left Chang'an when he was thirteen years old. It is decided that the Lord will seize the city of Chang'an and capture Yao Xing."
