I coded for a few hours after get off work. When I got tired, I changed my mind and wrote the structure of the three-level government of Western Jinzhou, county, and county.
The reason why I did this is because I found that some readers were using the official system of the Eastern Han Dynasty to apply it to the Western Jin Dynasty.
Maybe it’s because the Three Kingdoms was more popular, and everyone was more familiar with the system at that time.
But I want to say that the official system of the Western Jin Dynasty is indeed the same as that of the Eastern Han Dynasty. However, after all, it evolved from the Wei and Jin dynasties. The changes are not small and should not be copied mechanically.
Let’s start at the county level.
1. Name of Chief Officer
During the Cao and Wei Dynasties, the county magistrates with the rank of a thousand stones were ranked as the sixth rank; the county magistrates with the rank of six hundred stones were ranked as the seventh rank; the county magistrates were ranked as the ninth rank.
During the Western Jin Dynasty, county magistrates with a rank of one thousand shi were ranked as the sixth rank; county magistrates with a rank of 600 shi were ranked as the seventh rank; county magistrates with a rank of 600 shi were ranked as the eighth rank.
"Beitang Shuchao" quoted the Jin Order on July 8: "Thousands of households in the county have been raised, and more than 500 prefectures and counties have been governed. They are all ordered. If you are not satisfied with this, it will be long."
The person who governs the country is the prime minister.
Therefore, the highest official at the county level has three titles: Chang, Ling, and Xiang.
2. Authority
The county magistrate is in charge of a county, and his duties are the most annoying.
Encouraging agriculture, encouraging education, litigation, tax collection and even military power, etc., were all decided by the county magistrate, which was much more powerful than the magistrates of other dynasties in later generations.
For example, county magistrates from other dynasties in later generations did not have the authority to execute prisoners. However, the county magistrate of the Western Jin Dynasty "used the power of punishment and death... The magistrate not only did not wait for Mu Shou to answer the case, but also had the custom of killing prisoners in soup."
For another example, the county magistrates of the Western Jin Dynasty also had military power, which magistrates of other dynasties did not have.
"The post of commander covers all county affairs, and military affairs are no exception."
Some county magistrates will add the title of general. This is an old tradition since the Three Kingdoms.
Lu Meng served as Pingbei Duwei Ling Guang De Chang, and later became a partial general and led Xunyang Ling.
Qiao Zhiming, who appears in this book, was killed as a general when he was the county magistrate.
In the Southern Song Dynasty, Shen Youzhi became General Longxiang and Ling Wukang.
In the Southern Dynasty, Qi Xiao Chiaxe came out as General Jianwei and Order of Qiantang.
In the Southern Dynasty, Liang Shenyu became the general of Jianwu and the order of Yuyao.
Wait, I won’t list them all.
To put it simply, by the Tang Dynasty, the powers of county magistrates had been greatly reduced. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, castration continued, and Bailihou could not live up to his status, and the position of county magistrate was not taken as seriously as in the Wei and Jin Dynasties.
3. County officials
1. Cheng
The county magistrates who have the rank of Qianshi are the sixth rank, and their prime ministers and lieutenants are the eighth rank;
County magistrates whose appearance is six hundred stones or less are all ninth grade.
What can be verified so far is that in the Western Jin Dynasty, county magistrates were still appointed. "Book of Jin" mentioned: "Fan Guang was the magistrate of Tangyi..."
This happened in the late Western Jin Dynasty.
It is difficult to say whether there was a county magistrate in the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
"Song Zhi" of the Southern Song Dynasty: "After the (Jin) Dynasty, there was no restoration prime minister, only Jiankang had a prison prime minister."
2. Lieutenant
Refer to the above article for official products.
There are two people in large counties, and one person each in sub-counties and small counties.
Luoyang established six generals.
After Jiangzuo, Jiankang also had six buwei, and as late as the sixth year of Emperor Xianhe's reign in Jin Dynasty (332), there were seven buwei, which has not changed since then.
Seven Lieutenants: Jiang Lieutenant is in Sanshengzhu, West Lieutenant is in the back alley of Yanxing Temple, East Lieutenant is at the entrance of Emperor Wu's Mausoleum, South Lieutenant is in Caoshibei, Bei Lieutenant is in Chaogou Village, and Zuo Lieutenant is at Gushou Bridge in Qingliu River , your right lieutenant is in Shashi.
3. Strategic officials
There are four official officials in the county. They have no rank and official positions, but they "are not on the same level as the county official's merit record, but are in a separate section with the county captain."
The county magistrate (officer), county lieutenant (officer), and official officer (official) are all the "superior assistants" of a county, and the county magistrate has no power to create his own.
4. County officials
1. Classification
Gong Cao and Ting Yu (only in the Western Jin Dynasty, not in the Eastern Jin Dynasty).
2. Subcategories
The main record, the record of events, the history of the main record office, the history of the subordinates, the assistant of the subordinates, the cadres of the subordinates, the subordinates of the subordinates, the chief of the pavilion, the subordinates of the disciples, the subordinates of the subordinates, etc. are not written one by one.
3. Zhucao
Hu Cao, Fa Cao, Jin Cao, Cang Cao (may have been renamed Cang Supervisor in the Eastern Jin Dynasty), Thief Cao, Bing Cao, Prison Cao, Prison Xiaoshi, Prison Gate Pavilion Chief, Du Pavilion Chief, Post Official, Guan Nong, and School Officer Wait, I won’t list them one by one.
All the above "officials" were appointed by the county magistrates themselves and had nothing to do with the imperial court.
These subordinate officials are all a kind of corvee and receive no wages.
"Jin Zhi", "Song Shu·Xie Fangming's Biography", "Xu Yu's Biography", "Liang Shu·Ancheng Wang Xiu's Biography", etc. all mentioned that these officials were not paid, so that the governor and prefect could not stand it, and reported to the court to defend them The begging for money was unsuccessful. King Liang Ancheng dismissed "the poor, old and single officials in Jianfu Prefecture, more than 500 people in one day", and "the people were very happy".
Being a county official has become a hard job and a "forced labor", probably because those with good fortune and wealth have been taken over by powerful men, and the rest have to pay their own way to work.
5. Special positions
1. Lieutenants of Guangu Sedao, ninth rank.
This will only be established when the county has a pass. It is under the jurisdiction of the county magistrate and has soldiers.
This is another evidence of the great power of county magistrates in the Western Jin Dynasty. At least in the Tang Dynasty, county magistrates had no authority to control passes such as the Sixth Pass and the Thirteenth Pass in Kaiyuan, and they could not command the troops stationed here, let alone the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
2. County joins the army
It is set when the county magistrate plus the general number is added.
over.
When I have time, I will write about the official settings at the county and state levels.
